法学研究

文章摘要

作为个人信息跨境传输监管工具的标准合同条款

Standard Contractual Clauses as a Regulatory Tool for Cross-border Transfer of Personal Information

DOI：

中文关键词: 个人信息|跨境传输|标准合同条款|利益第三人合同|比例原则

英文关键词: personal information|cross-border transfer|standard contractual clauses|third-party beneficiary contracts|the principle of proportionality

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作者	单位
金晶

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中文摘要:

个人信息保护法第38条第1款第3项规定的“标准合同”,是个人信息跨境传输的监管工具。标准合同条款既拘束进出口双方,亦具有第三人保护功能,形式上是合同条款,内容上由国家预先决定并强制纳入,兼具个别规范和国家法规范的双重属性。进出口方的个人信息保护义务是个人信息跨境传输合同的主给付义务,是法定义务的合同化,包括个人信息安全义务,个人信息安全事件的通知、补救、减损义务,告知义务,目的限制义务,合规审计义务等。基于受益第三人条款,个人信息主体享有更正、删除等权利和违约损害赔偿请求权。国家网信部门制定标准合同条款构成对个人信息保护法的具体化适用,应限于授权范围,遵循比例原则,合理确定条款的强制使用机制和内容强制程度。

英文摘要:

The “standard contract” in Article 38 Paragraph 1 Subparagraph 3 of the Personal Information Protection Law is a regulatory tool for the cross-border transmission of personal information. Standard contract clauses bind both the importer and the exporter and also have the function of third-party protection. They are contract clauses in form, but their contents are pre-determined and mandatorily incorporated by the state, thus having the dual nature of individual norms and state law norms. The personal information protection obligations of the importer and the exporter are the main payment obligations in a contract on cross-border transmission of personal information. They are the contractualization of statutory obligations, including the obligations to ensure personal information security, the obligation to notify, make remedy and mitigate loss and damage, the obligation of purpose restriction, the obligation of compliance audit, etc. Based on the third-party beneficiary clauses, subjects of personal information enjoy the rights to correction, deletion, etc., and the right to compensation for damages resulting from the breach of contract. In the adoption of standard contract clauses, which constitutes the concretized application of the Personal Information Protection Law, the Cyberspace Administration of China should limit its activities within the authorized scope, follow the principle of proportionality, and reasonably determine the mandatory application mechanism of the clauses and the degree of mandatoriness of their contents.

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